Maharlika is a term used in Philippine history to refer to the class of free men and women who were considered the upper class during pre-colonial times. They were the ruling elite who held political and social power in ancient Philippine societies.
The term Maharlika comes from the Sanskrit word "maharddhika," which means "noble." In ancient Filipino societies, maharlikas were landowners, warriors, and leaders who were given privileges and responsibilities by the datu (local chief) in exchange for their service and loyalty.
Maharlikas were responsible for maintaining peace and order in the community, as well as defending the territory from external threats. They were usually given land grants by the datu in exchange for their military service, and they were expected to provide protection for the common people.
In modern times, the term Maharlika has been adopted by some Filipino nationalist groups and individuals as a symbol of Filipino identity and pride. However, the use of the term has also been criticized for its association with the authoritarian regime of Ferdinand Marcos, who used it as a title for his elite military unit.
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